infestans, which accelerates the evolution of virulent isolates that render disease resistance genes in host plants ineffective. The association of effectors with transposable elements confers a highly adaptive flexibility to P. Transcriptional studies have shown that RXLR genes, as well as some CRN genes are generally upregulated during the early stages of plant infection, while other CRN genes are upregulated at later stages during disease progression. Among these are effectors, including RXLR (~ 563 genes) and Crinkler (CRN) (~ 196 CRN genes), that are defined as molecules that can alter plant physiology and suppress immunity, therefore contributing to infection and disease development. It contains highly repetitive DNA regions rich in mobile transposable elements and enriched with genes encoding proteins involved in pathogenicity and virulence. infestans genome is the largest of the Phytophthora genus. With 240 megabases and more than 17,700 genes, the P. The oomycete Phytophthora infestans is the causal agent of late blight of potato. Different metabolic functions were altered and many effectors were found to be upregulated, suggesting their implication in biocontrol. infestans’ growth repression and led to important transcriptomic changes by both up- and down-regulating gene expression in P. Our study suggests that PCA is involved in P. infestans’ growth and barely altered its transcriptome. Interestingly, even though no host plant tissue was present in the in vitro system, PCA also led to the overexpression of several genes encoding effectors. Gene ontology analysis revealed that both treatments altered the expression of key functional genes involved in major functions like phosphorylation mechanisms, transmembrane transport and oxidoreduction activities. When applying an absolute cut-off value of 3 fold change or more for all three harvesting times, 207 genes were found significantly differentially expressed by PCA, either produced by LBUM223 or exogenically applied. infestans’ genes significantly altered by LBUM223 and exogenically applied PCA increased as time progressed, from 50 to 61% and from to 32 to 46%, respectively. Compared to the control treatment, transcriptomic analyses showed that the percentages of all P. Resultsīoth LBUM223 and exogenically applied PCA significantly repressed P. The expression of a subset of differentially expressed genes was validated by RT-qPCR. Destructive sampling was performed at 6, 9 and 12 days and the transcriptome of P. infestans inoculated alone (control) or with LBUM223, its phzC- isogenic mutant (not producing PCA), or exogenically applied PCA. Confrontational assay was performed using P. infestans, we conducted an in vitro time-course study. To characterize the effect of LBUM223 on the transcriptome of P. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA)-producing Pseudomonas fluorescens strain LBUM223 isolated in our laboratory shows biocontrol potential against various plant pathogens. Phytophthora infestans is responsible for late blight, one of the most important potato diseases.
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